Font: https://members.ancient-origins.net/articles/khufu-first-heretic-pharaoh-ancient-egypt
@Armando Mei
Excerpt from the book "Ancient Mysteries" Amazon
The
Great Pyramid really was the Khufu’s last abode? That is one of the greatest
Hamlet doubts of archaeology. On this subject a fervid debate among scholars
originated, which has long slowed, and at times even impeded, objective
analysis of the pyramid complex. Still nowadays, any conclusion can be
appreciated as a milestone towards the comprehension of a complex civilization,
inhabited the territories along the Nile during the dynastic and especially the
pre-dynastic age. It is undeniable that Egyptology has greatly contributed to
our knowledge of a unique and incomparable civilization, incredibly developed socially,
artistically and scientifically. Unfortunately, Egyptologists have also persisted in misattributing some
archaeological finds to Dynastic Egyptians, which I believe have little to do
with that civilization. This has created confusion among researchers and has
affected our comprehension of the prehistory of Egypt.
Still
unsolved remains, for example, the dispute over the Great Pyramid. While
academics agree to confine its construction to the IV Dynasty, I believe that
their position conflicts with more scientific evidences I observed in the last
15 years of studies on this subject.
The
Great Pyramid and Khufu are still a mystery?
From
the beginning, the Giza Plateau was considered one of the greatest dilemma of
ancient Egypt. It's undeniable that Sphinx and the Pyramids are monuments
technically conflicting with a civilization that scholars described as
"semi-primitive". In fact, as scholars stated - in 2,450 BC -
Egyptians had acquired the primordial knowledge of agriculture, still they
didn't discovered the wheel and they had very primitive copper and wood tools.
So,
the questions are: how could they build Pyramids? Is it a certainty or a
necessity to state that Khufu's workers built the Great Pyramid? What evidences
connect Khufu to the majestic building of Giza?
Questions
require a very cautious approach, because it's a thorny problem that could
upset consolidated stereotypes. Building bridges between different points of
view it’s never easy, but trying it’s not evil!
In
order to better understand the theories proposed, let’s check why the Great
Pyramid is considered the Khufu’s Tomb. What evidences?
This
may sound strange but there aren’t solid proofs that the Great Pyramid was
built along the IV Dynasty.
Despite
some Egyptologists imposing rules ever shown, research goes on to find out the
truth into the events characterizing the Egypt distant past.
Egyptologists
claim that Khufu’s workers made one of the wonder of Ancient world, but…
1) Egyptologists have never found
organic matters into the Great Pyramid chambers. The Subterranean Chamber (or
Chamber of Chaos), the Queen Chamber and the King Chamber were found totally
empty of finds. I want to stress some aspects concerning the robbed tombs of
the Ancient Egypt. Thieves have always left traces of their passage: shards,
fragments of plants, objects smashed. In the Great Pyramid none of this
happened; thieves have also swept the floor before leaving... nothing has been
found. This is an important detail!;
2) Egyptologists have never found
hieroglyphics painted or engraved on the walls inside the Great Pyramid of
Giza. This is another important detail, because, as noted, in all the Ancient,
Middle and New Kingdom tombs, Pharaohs memory was always preserved by the
ancient writing painted on the walls of their tombs. But the Great Pyramid is
an inexplicable exception;
3) Egyptologists have never found grave
goods into the so-called funerary chambers inside the Khufu’s monument. That is
very basic detail, because Ancient Egyptian Civilizations became famous thanks
to the majestic wonders found into the pharaohs’ tombs. Through the finds,
Egyptologists retraced the ancient Egypt traditions. Still unforgettable is the
very important Howard Carter's adventure and the discover of King Tut’s Tomb.
So,
why the Great Pyramid is still considered as the last abode of Khufu by
Egyptologists?
Synthetically:
1) Herodotus Historiae inspired modern
Egyptology. But, an interesting detail is that the Greek writer drew up his
Historiae 2,000 years after the Khufu’s Kingdom, thanks to Egyptian Priests
memories. Furthermore, in his classic masterpiece, Herodotus told about the
pyramid construction, underling that workers "used little wood machine to
carry the stones to the upper of the building", but many researchers
relegate this proposal to the fantasy or some Priests memory failure. In fact,
Herodotus tales conflict with majestic characteristics of the pyramid as the
granite blocks, forming the King Chamber and the Djed, of 50 tons heavy;
2) In 1837, the English colonel Howard
Vyse and his friend John Shae Perring, at the climax of a disastrous
archaeological expedition, as a miracle, they found the proof that the Great
Pyramid was built by Khufu's worker: a cartouche painted on the stone,
reproducing the name of the pharaoh was found into the chambers of the Djed, in
one of the most isolated place inside the monument. It's a fake, as many
researchers affirm? is it the confirmation that the pyramid was built along the
IV Dynasty? The dispute is still unsolved, because all efforts to analyze the
cartouche are denied.
In
two points all the Egyptologists proofs about the Great Pyramid are enclosed.
There aren't other evidences confirming scholars' conclusions.
It's
too few to plan a correct theory without any doubts.
Because
of the Pyramid shapes, many conjectures have been made concerning the origins
of the building, conflicting with academic proposals. Was it a tomb? Was it
built by an ancient civilization, lived in Egypt before the Flood?
Proposals
originated from a scientific study of the Great Pyramid, since the XIX century.
Researchers noted lot of relationship between the Pyramid and the maths for
example, but also a perfect knowledge of the geographical orientation:
1) In 1859, John Taylor, an English
publisher and writer, in his book "The Great Pyramid", argued that the monument base and height are
in pi-greek relationship. Also, the King
Chamber is built in Phi-greek relationship. As noted, the number pi-greek was
calculated by classic greeks along the VI century AD. May it be considered an
empiric coincidence or an accurate will of the builders?
2) The Great Pyramid is perfectly
aligned to cardinal points. Many scholars stated that the merkhet - a typical
Egyptian timekeeping tool - was used to determine the north through a constant
astronomical observation. Was it enough to align the monument? and above all,
why a semi-primitive culture needed to align its monuments to the cardinal
Points and the Stars? Was it an ancient legacy?;
3) The Pyramid base is a perfect square
and its angles are perfectly of 90°. After two centuries of Egyptology, it's
always so hard to conceive a civilization having such a perfect concept of the
geometry.
Many
doubts give rise to suspicions that Egyptology is moving towards a wrong
solution of the Pyramid mysteries. Too weak proofs to be accepted as a logical
and correct reconstruction of the facts which lead up to the IV Dynasty
events.
No
proof about a possible connection between Khufu and the monument, many
geometrical and astronomical connections with the pyramid... and, above all a
perfect knowledge of engineering.
1) Granite blocks, forming the King
Chamber and the Djed, were mining from Aswan mines, 800 miles from Giza. I
don't want to discuss about the mode of transport, but the perfect knowledge of
mineral processing is unbelievable;
2) The Great Gallery Project is a
miracle of engineering. But, what is striking is the fact that a culture such
as the ancient Egyptians might conceive a so complex masterpiece;
3) The Descending Conduit, leading from
the Entrance to the Subterranean Chamber, has the following characteristics:
109 mt. in length, with an approximation in its alignment of 1 cm. from the
beginning until the end of the conduit; measures are 1mt x 1,19mt; a constant
angulation of 26°31’; for 100 mt. the conduit is entirely dug in the living
rock.
Could
Egyptians have done this kind of job? how could they have built Pyramids?
In
1850, Auguste Mariette discovered one of the most controversial find ever
unearthed: the Inventory Stele. According the ancient text, the Great Pyramid
and the Sphinx were already built when Khufu ruled over the Egypt. So Khufu’s
workers did a work of maintenance? Didn't they built the Great Pyramid?
According
to results of my researches, Khufu was not the "father" of the
Pyramid. A very easy analysis can help to find out the truth about the Egypt
past.
Egyptologists
declare that the monument was built to preserve the mummified body of the
Pharaoh, waiting for resurrection. An essential condition is to bury the body
under the ground. If we take a look to the arrangement of the chambers inside
the Pyramids, nothing seems to be working.
As
Egyptologists claim, first was built the Subterranean Chamber to place the
Sarcophagus. Then, Khufu changed his plan and the upper chambers were built;
the Queen Chamber and then, after a new change of plan, the latest, the
so-called “King Chamber” where, actually, a kind of granite sarcophagus lies.
The change of plan is the real mystery, that pushes the balance needle to
careful and unexpected considerations. Why?
Because,
in the Ancient Kingdom, the most important funerary rule was: “474 - The spirit belongs to heaven, the body to
earth” (Texts of Pyramids, Utterance 305). “The body to earth” is a
funerary dogma confirming that:
1) The Pyramid was not used as tomb,
or…
2) Khufu was the first heretic pharaoh
of ancient Egypt.
At
the time, if the body of the pharaoh was buried above the ground level, it
would be a great heresy. In fact, in all tombs of Ancient Kingdom, the funerary
chambers were built under the ground level. Why the Great Pyramid is an
exception? Khufu really was the first heretic pharaoh of the Ancient Egypt? And
why Egyptologists never worried about this essential detail, that can shed
light on the mysteries of the Pyramids?
A
very easy Aristotelian syllogism can help for a better comprehension:
1) Funerary rules were well-defined and
also inscribed in the Pyramid Texts:
2) Khufu didn’t respected the funerary
rules because his funerary chamber was placed at 73 mt. above the ground, in
the core of the monument;
3) Khufu must be considered the first
heretic Pharaoh of the Ancient Kingdom.
There
is no doubt that the finds analysis has been managed too freely. It lacks the
capacity to link all items of investigation to allow more consistent results to
be obtained. Debates about Pyramids should always have a rational component,
but when Egyptologists insist upon conclusions rebutted by the facts, it means
that someone want scientifically to move the evidences.
If
the Pyramid really was the last abode of Khufu, it means that the pharaoh did
not followed the Ancient Kingdom funerary rules and it must be considered an
heretic, such as Akhenaton when monotheism was introduced during the Middle
Kingdom. If Egyptologists don't know that, they have stumbled into something
much bigger than they understand and, therefore quite a lot of theories have to
be corrected, including the Pyramid primordial destination.
It’s
time to confine the Great Pyramid in its own historical time: the Zep Tepi.
At
the same time, we must strike a blow for Egyptologists whose job took place in
relatively comfortable manners.
Academic
Egyptologists claim that the pyramids of Giza are funerary complexes, that is
to say, the last abode of the Pharaohs of the 4th Dynasty (2,620-2,500 BC),
along with their wives and dignitaries. I believe that this is only partly
true, that the IV Dynasty Pharaohs used structures made earlier.
(read more "Ancient Mysteries"
